ASTM D 4485a-2001 引擎油性能的标准规范

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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforDeterminingAerobicBiodegradationofPlasticMaterialsUnderControlledCompostingConditions
【原文标准名称】:在受控合成条件下测定塑料材料需氧的生物降解的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD5338-1998(2003)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1998
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D20.96
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:降解能力;生物降解能力;塑料;试验;污染控制
【英文主题词】:aerobicbiodegradation;biodegradation;composting;plastics
【摘要】:Biodegradationofaplasticwithinacompostingunitisanimportantphenomenonbecauseitwillaffectthedecompositionofothermaterialsenclosedbytheplasticandtheresultingqualityandappearanceofthecompostedmaterial.Biodegradationofplasticswillalsoallowthesafedisposaloftheseplasticsthroughsolid-wastecompostingplants.Thisprocedurehasbeendevelopedtopermitthedeterminationoftherateanddegreeofaerobicbiodegradabilityofplasticproductswhenplacedinacontrolledcompostingprocess.Limitations8212;Becausethereisawidevariationintheconstructionandoperationofcompostingsystemsandbecauseregulatoryrequirementsforcompostingsystemsvary,thisprocedureisnotintendedtosimulatetheenvironmentofanyparticularcompostingsystem.However,itisexpectedtoresembletheenvironmentofacompostingprocessoperatedunderoptimumconditions.Morespecifically,theprocedureisintendedtocreateastandardlaboratoryenvironmentthatwillpermitarapidandreproducibledeterminationoftheaerobicbiodegradabilityundercontrolledcompostingconditions.1.1Thistestmethoddeterminesthedegreeandrateofaerobicbiodegradationofplasticmaterialsonexposuretoacontrolled-compostingenvironmentunderlaboratoryconditions.Thistestmethodisdesignedtoyieldreproducibleandrepeatabletestresultsundercontrolledconditionsthatresemblecompostingconditions.Thetestsubstancesareexposedtoaninoculumthatisderivedfromcompostfrommunicipalsolidwaste.Theaerobiccompostingtakesplaceinanenvironmentwheretemperature,aerationandhumidityarecloselymonitoredandcontrolled.1.2Thistestmethodisdesignedtoyieldapercentageofconversionofcarboninthesampletocarbondioxide.Therateofbiodegradationismonitoredaswell.1.3Thistestmethodisdesignedtobeapplicabletoallplasticmaterialsthatarenotinhibitorytothemicroorganismspresentinaerobiccompostingpiles.1.4ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.1.5Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.SpecifichazardstatementsaregiveninSection8.1.6ThistestmethodisequivalenttoISO14852.
【中国标准分类号】:G31
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:6P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:Waterquality-Evaluationoftheaerobicbiodegradabilityoforganiccompoundsinanaqueousmedium-Semi-continuousactivatedsludgemethod(SCAS)(ISO9887:1992);GermanversionENISO9887:1994
【原文标准名称】:水质.含水介质中有机化合物需氧生物降解性的评价.半连续激活的污泥法(SCAS)(ISO9887:1992);德文版本ENISO9887:1994
【标准号】:DINENISO9887-1994
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:1994-12
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DE-DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:有机化合物;生物降解能力;活性污泥;有机物质;好气菌;测定;水;水质试验;水质;试验;污泥;污泥检验
【英文主题词】:Activatedsludges;Aerobicbacteria;Aqueous;Biodegradability;Chemicalanalysisandtesting;Determination;Examinationofsludge;Organiccompounds;Organicmatters;Sludge;Testing;Water;Waterquality;Watertesting
【摘要】:Thisdocumentspecifiesamethodfortheevaluationofthebiodegradability(ultimateorprimary)oforganiccompounds.Themethodappliestoorganiccompoundswithdifferentproperties.Additionally,oralternativelythemethodmaybeusedtoprovidesludgeexposedtothetestcompoundinordertoseewhetherthesludgebecomesadapted,tobeusedasinoculainotherbiodegradationtests.
【中国标准分类号】:Z16
【国际标准分类号】:13_060_70
【页数】:15P.;A4
【正文语种】:德语